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Prism, a transparent object surrounded by two intersecting planes that are not parallel to each other, used for splitting or dispersing light beams. Prism is a polyhedron made of transparent materials (such as glass, crystal, etc.). It is widely used in optical instruments. Prisms can be divided into several types according to their properties and uses. For example, in spectral instruments, the “dispersion prism” that decomposes the composite light into spectrum is more commonly used as equilateral prism; In periscope, binocular telescope and other instruments, changing the direction of light to adjust its imaging position is called “total reflection prism”, which generally adopts right angle prism.

Definition:

Prism is a polyhedron made of transparent materials (such as glass, crystal, etc.). It is widely used in optical instruments. Prisms can be divided into several types according to their properties and uses. For example, in spectral instruments, the “dispersion prism” that decomposes the composite light into spectrum is more commonly used as equilateral prism; In periscope, binocular telescope and other instruments, changing the direction of light to adjust its imaging position is called “total reflection prism”, which generally adopts right angle prism.

Find:

Newton discovered the dispersion of light in 1666, and the Chinese were ahead of foreigners in this regard. In the 10th century AD, the Chinese called the natural transparent crystal after being irradiated by sunlight “Wuguang stone” or “Guangguang stone”, and realized that “in the light of sunlight, it becomes five colors like neon”. This is the earliest understanding of the dispersion of light in the world. It shows that people have liberated the dispersion of light from the mystery and know that it is a natural phenomenon, which is a great progress in the understanding of light. It is 700 years earlier than Newton’s understanding that white light is composed of seven colors by dividing sunlight into seven colors through a prism.

Classification：

Polyhedron made of transparent material is an important optical element. The plane on which light enters and exits is called the side, and the plane perpendicular to the side is called the main section. According to the shape of the main section, it can be divided into three prisms, right angle prisms, pentagonal prisms, etc. The main section of a prism is a triangle with two refractive surfaces. Their included angle is called the top angle, and the plane opposite the top angle is the bottom surface. According to the law of refraction, the light passes through the prism and deflects twice to the bottom. The included angle Q between the outgoing light and the incident light is called the deflection angle. Its size is determined by the refractive index n and incident angle I of the prism medium. When I is fixed, different wavelengths of light have different deflection angles. In visible light, the largest deflection angle is purple light and the smallest is red light.

Function：

In modern life, prism is widely used in digital equipment, science and technology, medical instruments and other fields.
Common digital equipment: camera, closed-circuit television, projector, digital camera, digital camera, CCD lens and various optical equipment；Science and technology: telescope, microscope, level gauge, fingerprint instrument, gun sight, solar converter and various measuring instruments;Medical instruments: cystoscope, gastroscope and various laser treatment equipment

Features

Custom K9 Crystal Optical Glass Cube or Infrared Material X-Cube Prism
A dichroic prism is a prism that splits light into two beams of differing wavelength (colour).
A drichroic prism assembly combines two dichroic prisms to split an image into 3 colours, typically as red, green and blue of the RGB colour model.  They are usually constructed of one or more glass prisms with dichroic optical coatings that selectively reflect or transmit light depending on the light’s wavelength. That is, certain surfaces within the prism act as dichroic filters. These are used as beam splitters in many optical instruments

Advantage

Minimal light absorption, most of the light is directed to one of the output beams.
Better color separation than with most other filters.
Easy to fabricate for any combination of pass bands.
Does not require color interpolation (demosaicing) and thus avoids all of the false color artifacts commonly seen in demosaiced images